1 मक्काबियों 1

1Now it came to pass, after that Alexander the son of Philip the Macedonian, who first reigned in Greece, coming out of the land of Cethim, had overthrown Darius king of the Persians and Medes:

2He fought many battles, and took the strong holds of all, and slew the kings of the earth:

3And he went through even to the ends of the earth, and took the spoils of many nations: and the earth was quiet before him.

4And he gathered a power, and a very strong army: and his heart was exalted and lifted up.

5And he subdued countries of nations, and princes: and they became tributaries to him.

6And after these things, he fell down upon his bed, and knew that he should die.

7And he called his servants the nobles that were brought up with him from his youth: and he divided his kingdom among them, while he was yet alive.

8And Alexander reigned twelve years, and he died.

9And his servants made themselves kings every one in his place:

10And they all put crowns upon themselves after his death, and their sons after them many years, and evils were multiplied in the earth.

11And there came out of them a wicked root, Antiochus the Illustrious, the son of king Antiochus, who had been a hostage at Rome: and he reigned in the hundred and thirty-seventh year of the kingdom of the Greeks.

12In those days there went out of Israel wicked men, and they persuaded many, saying: Let us go, and make a covenant with the heathens that are round about us: for since we departed from them, many evils have befallen us.

13And the word seemed good in their eyes.

14And some of the people determined to do this, and went to the king: and he gave them license to do after the ordinances of the heathens.

15And they built a place of exercise in Jerusalem, according to the laws of the nations:

16And they made themselves prepuces, and departed from the holy covenant, and joined themselves to the heathens, and were sold to do evil.

17And the kingdom was established before Antiochus, and he had a mind to reign over the land of Egypt, that he might reign over two kingdoms.

18And he entered into Egypt with a great multitude, with chariots and elephants, and horsemen, and a great number of ships:

19And he made war against Ptolemee king of Egypt, but Ptolemee was afraid at his presence, and fled, and many were wounded unto death.

20And he took the strong cities in the land of Egypt: and he took the spoils of the land of Egypt.

21And after Antiochus had ravaged Egypt in the hundred and forty-third year, he returned and went up against Israel.

22And he went up to Jerusalem with a great multitude.

23And he proudly entered into the sanctuary, and took away the golden altar, and the candlestick of light, and all the vessels thereof, and the table of proposition, and the pouring vessels, and the vials, and the little mortars of gold, and the veil, and the crowns, and the golden ornament that was before the temple: and he broke them all in pieces.

24And he took the silver and gold, and the precious vessels: and he took the hidden treasures which he found: and when he had taken all away he departed into his own country.

25And he made a great slaughter of men, and spoke very proudly.

26And there was great mourning in Israel, and in every place where they were.

27And the princes, and the ancients mourned, and the virgins and the young men were made feeble, and the beauty of the women was changed.

28Every bridegroom took up lamentation: and the bride that set in the marriage bed, mourned:

29And the land was moved for the inhabitants thereof, and all the house of Jacob was covered with confusion.

30And after two full years the king sent the chief collector of his tributes to the cities of Juda, and he came to Jerusalem with a great multitude.

31And he spoke to them peaceable words in deceit: and they believed him.

32And he fell upon the city suddenly, and struck it with a great slaughter, and destroyed much people in Israel.

33And he took the spoils of the city, and burnt it with fire, and threw down the houses thereof, and the walls thereof round about:

34And they took the women captive, and the children, and the cattle they possessed.

35And they built the city of David with a great and strong wall, and with strong towers, and made it a fortress for them:

36And they placed there a sinful nation, wicked men, and they fortified themselves therein: and they stored up armour, and victuals, and gathered together the spoils of Jerusalem;

37And laid them up there: and they became a great snare.

38And this was a place to lie in wait against the sanctuary, and an evil devil in Israel.

39And they shed innocent blood round about the sanctuary, and defiled the holy place.

40And the inhabitants of Jerusalem fled away by reason of them, and the city was made the habitation to strangers, and she became a stranger to her own seed, and her children forsook her.

41Her sanctuary was desolate like a wilderness, her festival days were turned into mourning, her sabbaths into reproach, her honours were brought to nothing.

42Her dishonour was increased according to her glory, and her excellency was turned into mourning.

43And king Antiochus wrote to all his kingdom, that all the people should be one: and every one should leave his own law.

44And all nations consented according to the word of king Antiochus.

45And many of Israel consented to his service, and they sacrificed to idols, and profaned the sabbath.

46And the king sent letters by the hands of messengers to Jerusalem, and to all the cities of Juda: that they should follow the law of the nations of the earth,

47And should forbid holocausts and sacrifices, and atonements to be made in the temple of God.

48And should prohibit the sabbath, and the festival days, to be celebrated.

49And he commanded the holy places to be profaned, and the holy people of Israel.

50And he commanded altars to be built, and temples, and idols, and swine’s flesh to be immolated, and unclean beasts.

51And that they should leave their children uncircumcised, and let their souls be defiled with all uncleannesses, and abominations, to the end that they should forget the law, and should change all the justifications of God.

52And that whosoever would not do according to the word of king Antiochus should be put to death.

53According to all these words he wrote to his whole kingdom, and he appointed rulers over the people that should force them to do these things.

54And they commanded the cities of Juda to sacrifice.

55Then many of the people were gathered to them that had forsaken the law of the Lord: and they committed evils in the land:

56And they drove away the people of Israel into lurking holes, and into the secret places of fugitives.

57On the fifteenth day of the month Casleu, in the hundred and forty-fifth year, king Antiochus set up the abominable idol of desolation upon the altar of God, and they built altars throughout all the cities of Juda round about:

58And they burnt incense, and sacrificed at the doors of the houses, and in the streets.

59And they cut in pieces, and burnt with fire the books of the law of God:

60And every one with whom the books of the testament of the Lord were found, and whosoever observed the law of the Lord, they put to death, according to the edict of the king.

61Thus by their power did they deal with the people of Israel, that were found in the cities month after month.

62And on the five and twentieth day of the month they sacrificed upon the altar of the idol that was over against the altar of God.

63Now the women that circumcised their children, were slain according to the commandment of king Antiochus.

64And they hanged the children about their necks in all their houses: and those that had circumcised them, they put to death.

65And many of the people of Israel determined with themselves, that they would not eat unclean things: and they chose rather to die than to be defiled with unclean meats.

66And they would not break the holy law of God, and they were put to death:

67And there was very great wrath upon the people.

1Et factum est, postquam percussit Alexander Philippi Macedo, qui primus regnavit in Græcia, egressus de terra Cethim, Darium regem Persarum et Medorum:

2constituit prælia multa, et obtinuit omnium munitiones, et interfecit reges terræ,

3et pertransiit usque ad fines terræ: et accepit spolia multitudinis gentium, et siluit terra in conspectu ejus.

4Et congregavit virtutem, et exercitum fortem nimis: et exaltatum est, et elevatum cor ejus:

5et obtinuit regiones gentium, et tyrannos: et facti sunt illi in tributum.

6Et post hæc decidit in lectum, et cognovit quia moreretur.

7Et vocavit pueros suos nobiles, qui secum erant nutriti a juventute: et divisit illis regnum suum, cum adhuc viveret.

8Et regnavit Alexander annis duodecim, et mortuus est.

9Et obtinuerunt pueri ejus regnum, unusquisque in loco suo:

10et imposuerunt omnes sibi diademata post mortem ejus, et filii eorum post eos annis multis, et multiplicata sunt mala in terra.

11Et exiit ex eis radix peccatrix, Antiochus illustris, filius Antiochi regis, qui fuerat Romæ obses: et regnavit in anno centesimo trigesimo septimo regni Græcorum.

12In diebus illis, exierunt ex Israël filii iniqui, et suaserunt multis, dicentes: Eamus, et disponamus testamentum cum gentibus, quæ circa nos sunt: quia ex quo recessimus ab eis, invenerunt nos multa mala.

13Et bonus visus est sermo in oculis eorum.

14Et destinaverunt aliqui de populo, et abierunt ad regem: et dedit illis potestatem ut facerent justitiam gentium.

15Et ædificaverunt gymnasium in Jerosolymis secundum leges nationum:

16et fecerunt sibi præputia, et recesserunt a testamento sancto, et juncti sunt nationibus, et venundati sunt ut facerent malum.

17Et paratum est regnum in conspectu Antiochi, et cœpit regnare in terra Ægypti ut regnaret super duo regna.

18Et intravit in Ægyptum in multitudine gravi, in curribus, et elephantis, et equitibus, et copiosa navium multitudine:

19et constituit bellum adversus Ptolemæum regem Ægypti, et veritus est Ptolemæus a facie ejus, et fugit, et ceciderunt vulnerati multi.

20Et comprehendit civitates munitas in terra Ægypti, et accepit spolia terræ Ægypti.

21Et convertit Antiochus, postquam percussit Ægyptum in centesimo et quadragesimo tertio anno: et ascendit ad Israël,

22et ascendit Jerosolymam in multitudine gravi.

23Et intravit in sanctificationem cum superbia, et accepit altare aureum, et candelabrum luminis, et universa vasa ejus, et mensam propositionis, et libatoria, et phialas, et mortariola aurea, et velum, et coronas, et ornamentum aureum, quod in facie templi erat: et comminuit omnia.

24Et accepit argentum, et aurum, et vasa concupiscibilia: et accepit thesauros occultos, quos invenit: et sublatis omnibus, abiit in terram suam.

25Et fecit cædem hominum, et locutus est in superbia magna.

26Et factus est planctus magnus in Israël, et in omni loco eorum:

27et ingemuerunt principes et seniores; virgines et juvenes infirmati sunt: et speciositas mulierum immutata est.

28Omnis maritus sumpsit lamentum, et quæ sedebant in thoro maritali, lugebant:

29et commota est terra super habitantes in ea, et universa domus Jacob induit confusionem.

30Et post duos annos dierum, misit rex principem tributorum in civitates Juda, et venit Jerusalem cum turba magna.

31Et locutus est ad eos verba pacifica in dolo: et crediderunt ei.

32Et irruit super civitatem repente, et percussit eam plaga magna, et perdidit populum multum ex Israël.

33Et accepit spolia civitatis: et succendit eam igni, et destruxit domos ejus, et muros ejus in circuitu:

34et captivas duxerunt mulieres, et natos et pecora possederunt.

35Et ædificaverunt civitatem David muro magno et firmo, et turribus firmis, et facta est illis in arcem:

36et posuerunt illic gentem peccatricem viros iniquos, et convaluerunt in ea: et posuerunt arma, et escas, et congregaverunt spolia Jerusalem:

37et reposuerunt illic: et facti sunt in laqueum magnum.

38Et factum est hoc ad insidias sanctificationi, et in diabolum malum in Israël:

39et effuderunt sanguinem innocentem per circuitum sanctificationis, et contaminaverunt sanctificationem.

40Et fugerunt habitatores Jerusalem propter eos, et facta est habitatio exterorum, et facta est extera semini suo, et nati ejus reliquerunt eam.

41Sanctificatio ejus desolata est sicut solitudo; dies festi ejus conversi sunt in luctum, sabbata ejus in opprobrium, honores ejus in nihilum.

42Secundum gloriam ejus multiplicata est ignominia ejus, et sublimitas ejus conversa est in luctum.

43Et scripsit rex Antiochus omni regno suo ut esset omnis populus unus: et relinqueret unusquisque legem suam.

44Et consenserunt omnes gentes secundum verbum regis Antiochi:

45et multi ex Israël consenserunt servituti ejus, et sacrificaverunt idolis, et coinquinaverunt sabbatum.

46Et misit rex libros per manus nuntiorum in Jerusalem, et in omnes civitates Juda, ut sequerentur leges gentium terræ,

47et prohiberent holocausta et sacrificia, et placationes fieri in templo Dei,

48et prohiberent celebrari sabbatum, et dies solemnes:

49et jussit coinquinari sancta, et sanctum populum Israël.

50Et jussit ædificari aras, et templa, et idola, et immolari carnes suillas, et pecora communia,

51et relinquere filios suos incircumcisos, et coinquinari animas eorum in omnibus immundis, et abominationibus, ita ut obliviscerentur legem, et immutarent omnes justificationes Dei:

52et quicumque non fecissent secundum verbum regis Antiochi, morerentur.

53Secundum omnia verba hæc scripsit omni regno suo: et præposuit principes populo, qui hæc fieri cogerent.

54Et jusserunt civitatibus Juda sacrificare.

55Et congregati sunt multi de populo ad eos qui dereliquerant legem Domini, et fecerunt mala super terram:

56et effugaverunt populum Israël in abditis, et in absconditis fugitivorum locis.

57Die quintadecima mensis Casleu, quinto et quadragesimo et centesimo anno, ædificavit rex Antiochus abominandum idolum desolationis super altare Dei, et per universas civitates Juda in circuitu ædificaverunt aras:

58et ante januas domorum et in plateis incendebant thura, et sacrificabant:

59et libros legis Dei combusserunt igni, scindentes eos:

60et apud quemcumque inveniebantur libri testamenti Domini, et quicumque observabat legem Domini, secundum edictum regis trucidabant eum.

61In virtute sua faciebant hæc populo Israël, qui inveniebatur in omni mense et mense in civitatibus.

62Et quinta et vigesima die mensis sacrificabant super aram, quæ erat contra altare.

63Et mulieres, quæ circumcidebant filios suos, trucidabantur secundum jussum regis Antiochi,

64et suspendebant pueros a cervicibus per universas domos eorum: et eos, qui circumciderant illos, trucidabant.

65Et multi de populo Israël definierunt apud se, ut non manducarent immunda: et elegerunt magis mori, quam cibis coinquinari immundis:

66et noluerunt infringere legem Dei sanctam, et trucidati sunt:

67et facta est ira magna super populum valde.

1And it happened afterwards that Alexander, the son of Philip the Macedonian, who first reigned in Greece having come from the land of Kittim, struck Darius the king of the Persians and the Medes.

2He appointed many battles, and he took hold of all the fortifications, and he executed the kings of the earth.

3And he passed through even to the ends of the earth. And he received the spoils of many nations. And the earth was silenced in his sight.

4And he gathered together power, and an exceedingly strong army. And he was exalted, and his heart was lifted up.

5And he captured the regions of nations and of sovereign leaders, and they became tributaries to him.

6And after these things, he fell down on his bed, and he knew that he would die.

7And he called his servants, nobles who were raised with him from his youth. And he divided his kingdom to them, while he was still alive.

8And Alexander reigned twelve years, and then he died.

9And his servants obtained his kingdom, each one in his place.

10And they all put diadems on themselves after his death, and their sons after them, for many years; and evils were multiplied on the earth.

11And there went forth from among them a sinful root, Antiochus the illustrious, the son of king Antiochus, who had been a hostage at Rome. And he reigned in the one hundred and thirty-seventh year of the kingdom of the Greeks.

12In those days, there went forth from Israel sons of iniquity, and they persuaded many, saying: “Let us go and negotiate a covenant with the Gentiles that are all around us. For since we have withdrawn from them, many evils have found us.”

13And the word seemed good in their eyes.

14And some of the people determined to do this, and they went to the king. And he gave them the power to act according to the justice of the Gentiles.

15And they built a sports arena in Jerusalem, according to the laws of the Nations.

16And they made themselves uncircumcised, and they withdrew from the holy covenant, and they were joined to the nations, and they were sold into evil-doing.

17And the kingdom was ready in the sight of Antiochus, and he began to reign over the land of Egypt, so that he might reign over two kingdoms.

18And he entered into Egypt with an oppressive multitude, with swift chariots, and elephants, and horsemen, and a great abundance of ships.

19And he appointed a war against Ptolemy, the king of Egypt, and Ptolemy was filled with dread before his face, and he fled, and many fell down wounded.

20And he took hold of the fortified cities in the land of Egypt, and he received the spoils of the land of Egypt.

21And Antiochus turned back, after he struck Egypt, in the one hundred and forty-third year, and he ascended against Israel.

22And he ascended to Jerusalem, with an oppressive multitude.

23And he entered into the sanctuary with arrogance, and he took the golden altar, and the lampstand of light, and all the vessels, and the table for the bread of the Presence, and the vessels of libation, and the vials, and the little mortars of gold, and the veil, and the crowns, and the golden ornament, which was at the face of the temple. And he crushed them all.

24And he took the silver and gold, and the precious vessels, and he took the hidden treasures, which he found. And having taken all these things away, he departed into his own land.

25And he caused a massacre of men, and he was speaking with great arrogance.

26And there was great wailing in Israel and in all of their places.

27And the leaders and elders mourned, and the virgins and young men became weak, and the splendor of the women was changed.

28Every bridegroom took up lamentation, and those who sat in the marriage bed mourned.

29And the land shook on behalf of the inhabitants in it, and the entire house of Jacob was clothed with confusion.

30And after two years of days, the king sent the prince of his tributes to the cities of Judah, and he came to Jerusalem with a great crowd.

31And he spoke peaceful words to them, in deceitfulness; and they believed him.

32And he rushed upon the city suddenly, and he struck it with a great scourging, and he destroyed many of the people of Israel.

33And he took the spoils of the city, and he burned it with fire, and he destroyed its houses and the walls around it.

34And they led away the women as captives, and they possessed the children and the cattle.

35And they built up the city of David with a great and strong wall, and with strong towers, and it became a stronghold for them.

36And they set up in that place a sinful people, wicked men, and together they grew strong in it. And they stored up weapons and provisions. And they gathered together the spoils of Jerusalem,

37and deposited them in that place. And they became a great snare.

38And this became a place of ambush against the sanctuary and a diabolical evil in Israel.

39And they poured out innocent blood around the sanctuary, and they contaminated the sanctuary.

40And the inhabitants of Jerusalem fled because of them, and the city became the dwelling place of outsiders, and she became a stranger to her own offspring, and her own children abandoned her.

41Her sanctuary was desolate, like a place of solitude, her feast days were turned into mourning, her Sabbaths into disgrace, her honors into nothing.

42Her shame was multiplied according to her glory, and her loftiness was turned into lamentation.

43And king Antiochus wrote to all his kingdom, that all the people must be one, and that each one should relinquish his own law.

44And all Gentiles consented, according to the word of king Antiochus.

45And many out of Israel consented to his servitude, and they sacrificed to idols, and they polluted the Sabbath.

46And the king sent letters, by the hand of messengers, to Jerusalem and to all the cities of Judah: that they should follow the law of the Nations of the earth,

47and that they should prohibit holocausts and sacrifices and atonements to be made in the temple of God,

48and that they should prohibit the celebration of the Sabbath and the solemn days.

49And he ordered the holy places to be defiled, along with the holy people of Israel.

50And he ordered altars to be built, and temples, and idols, and he ordered the immolation of the flesh of swine and of unclean cattle,

51and that they should leave their sons uncircumcised, and defile their souls with all that is unclean, and with abominations, so that they would forget the law and would alter all the justifications of God,

52and that whoever would not act according to the word of king Antiochus should be put to death.

53According to all these words, he wrote to all his kingdom. And he appointed leaders over the people, who would compel them to do these things.

54And these ordered the cities of Judah to sacrifice.

55And many from the people, who had abandoned the law of the Lord, were gathered together by them. And they committed evils upon the land.

56And they drove the people of Israel into hiding and into the secret places of fugitives.

57On the fifteenth day of the month of Kislev, in the one hundred and forty-fifth year, king Antiochus set up the abominable idol of desolation on the altar of God, and they built altars throughout all the surrounding cities of Judah.

58And they burned frankincense, and they sacrificed before the doors of houses and in the streets.

59And they cut up the books of the law of God and destroyed them with fire.

60And all those who were found with the books of the testament of the Lord, and whoever observed the law of the Lord, they butchered, according to the edict of the king.

61By their power, they did these things to the people of Israel, as they were discovered in the cities, month after month.

62And on the twenty-fifth day of the month, they sacrificed on that altar which was opposite the high altar.

63And the women who circumcised their sons were butchered, according to the order of king Antiochus.

64And they suspended the children by their necks in all their houses, and those who had circumcised them, they butchered.

65And many of the people of Israel decided within themselves that they would not eat unclean things. And they chose to die, rather than to be defiled with unclean foods.

66And they were not willing to infringe upon the holy law of God, and they were butchered.

67And there was a very great wrath upon the people.