Éxodo 21

1Estas son las leyes que les has de dar:

2Cuando comprares un esclavo hebreo, te servirá seis años, más al séptimo saldrá libre sin pagar nada.

3Si entró solo, solo saldrá; si tenía mujer, saldrá con él su mujer.

4Si su amo le dio mujer, y ella le dio (a su marido) hijos o hijas, la mujer y sus hijos serán de su amo, y él saldrá solo.

5Mas si el esclavo dijere: “Amo a mi señor, y a mi mujer y a mis hijos, no quiero salir libre”,

6su amo lo llevará ante Dios, y arrimándolo a la puerta o al poste de ella, su amo le horadará la oreja con una lezna; y así quedará esclavo suyo para siempre.

7Cuando un hombre vendiere a su hija por esclava, ella no saldrá como salen los esclavos.

8Si no agrada a su señor que la había destinado para sí, permita él su rescate; mas no podrá venderla a gente extraña, por haberla engañado.

9Si la destina para su hijo, la ha de tratar según el derecho de las hijas.

10Si toma para sí otra mujer, no le disminuirá la comida, ni el vestido, ni el deber conyugal.

11Y si él no quiere darle estas tres cosas, puede ella salirse, sin pagar nada, sin rescate.

12El que hiera mortalmente a otro, muera irremisiblemente.

13Mas si no le hizo asechanzas, sino que Dios le dejó caer en su mano, para este tal Yo te señalaré lugar donde podrá refugiarse.

14Pero al que obrare con malicia contra su prójimo, matándole con alevosía, a ese lo arrancarás hasta de mi altar para matarlo.

15El que pegare a su padre o a su madre, muera irremisiblemente.

16Quien robare un hombre y le vendiere, o si fuere hallado todavía en su poder, muera irremisiblemente.

17El que maldijere a su padre o a su madre, muera sin remedio.

18Cuando riñeren unos hombres y el uno hiriere al otro con piedra o con el puño, sin causarle la muerte, y si este después de hacer cama

19se levantare y anduviere fuera, apoyándose en su bastón, quedará libre aquel que lo hirió. Le pagará solamente el tiempo perdido y los gastos de su curación completa.

20Quien hiriere con un palo a su siervo o a su sierva, de modo que muera bajo su mano, caerá irremisiblemente bajo la ley de venganza.

21Pero si sobreviviere un día o dos, no será castigado, por cuanto es hacienda suya.

22Cuando hombres trabados en riña dieren un golpe a una mujer encinta, de modo que aborte, sin más daño, (el culpable) será multado conforme a lo que imponga el marido de la mujer y según determinen los jueces.

23Pero si resultare daño, darás vida por vida,

24ojo por ojo, diente por diente, mano por mano, pie por pie,

25quemadura por quemadura, herida por herida, contusión por contusión.

26Si uno, hiriendo el ojo de su siervo o el ojo de su sierva lo destruyere, le dará libertad en compensación de su ojo.

27Asimismo, si hiciere saltar un diente a su siervo o un diente a su sierva, lo pondrá en libertad en compensación de su diente.

28Si un buey acornea a un hombre o a una mujer, con subsiguiente muerte, aquel buey será apedreado y no se comerá su carne, mas el dueño del buey quedará sin culpa.

29Pero si el buey acorneaba ya desde tiempo atrás, y su dueño, a pesar de ser avisado, no lo tuvo encerrado, de modo que pudo matar a hombre o a mujer, el buey será apedreado, y también su dueño será muerto.

30Si le imponen un precio de rescate, dará en rescate de su vida cuanto se le imponga.

31Si acornea a un hijo o a una hija, hágase con él según esta ley.

32Pero si el buey acorneare a un siervo o a una sierva, el dueño pagará treinta siclos de plata al dueño de ellos, y el buey será apedreado.

33Si uno deja abierto un pozo, o si uno cava un pozo y no lo tapa, y cayere en él un buey o asno,

34el propietario del pozo pagará indemnización en dinero al dueño de ellos, y el animal muerto será suyo.

35Si el buey de uno hiere al buey de otro, y este muere, venderán el buey vivo partiéndose su precio, y también el buey muerto será dividido entre ellos.

36Mas si era notorio que el buey acorneaba desde tiempo atrás y su dueño faltó en custodiarlo, este resarcirá el daño: buey por buey; mas el (buey) muerto será suyo.

1Hæc sunt judicia quæ propones eis.

2Si emeris servum hebræum, sex annis serviet tibi: in septimo egredietur liber gratis.

3Cum quali veste intraverit, cum tali exeat: si habens uxorem, et uxor egredietur simul.

4Sin autem dominus dederit illi uxorem, et pepererit filios et filias: mulier et liberi ejus erunt domini sui, ipse vero exibit cum vestitu suo.

5Quod si dixerit servus: Diligo dominum meum et uxorem ac liberos; non egrediar liber:

6offeret eum dominus diis, et applicabitur ad ostium et postes, perforabitque aurem ejus subula: et erit ei servus in sæculum.

7Si quis vendiderit filiam suam in famulam, non egredietur sicut ancillæ exire consueverunt.

8Si displicuerit oculis domini sui cui tradita fuerat, dimittet eam: populo autem alieno vendendi non habebit potestatem, si spreverit eam.

9Sin autem filio suo desponderit eam, juxta morem filiarum faciet illi.

10Quod si alteram ei acceperit, providebit puellæ nuptias, et vestimenta, et pretium pudicitiæ non negabit.

11Si tria ista non fecerit, egredietur gratis absque pecunia.

12Qui percusserit hominem volens occidere, morte moriatur.

13Qui autem non est insidiatus, sed Deus illum tradidit in manus ejus, constituam tibi locum in quem fugere debeat.

14Si quis per industriam occiderit proximum suum, et per insidias: ab altari meo evelles eum, ut moriatur.

15Qui percusserit patrem suum aut matrem, morte moriatur.

16Qui furatus fuerit hominem, et vendiderit eum, convictus noxæ, morte moriatur.

17Qui maledixerit patri suo, vel matri, morte moriatur.

18Si rixati fuerint viri, et percusserit alter proximum suum lapide vel pugno, et ille mortuus non fuerit, sed jacuerit in lectulo:

19si surrexerit, et ambulaverit foris super baculum suum, innocens erit qui percusserit, ita tamen ut operas ejus et impensas in medicos restituat.

20Qui percusserit servum suum, vel ancillam virga, et mortui fuerint in manibus ejus, criminis reus erit.

21Sin autem uno die vel duobus supervixerit, non subjacebit pœnæ, quia pecunia illius est.

22Si rixati fuerint viri, et percusserit quis mulierem prægnantem, et abortivum quidem fecerit, sed ipsa vixerit: subjacebit damno quantum maritus mulieris expetierit, et arbitri judicaverint.

23Sin autem mors ejus fuerit subsecuta, reddet animam pro anima,

24oculum pro oculo, dentem pro dente, manum pro manu, pedem pro pede,

25adustionem pro adustione, vulnus pro vulnere, livorem pro livore.

26Si percusserit quispiam oculum servi sui aut ancillæ, et luscos eos fecerit, dimittet eos liberos pro oculo quem eruit.

27Dentem quoque si excusserit servo vel ancillæ suæ, similiter dimittet eos liberos.

28Si bos cornu percusserit virum aut mulierem, et mortui fuerint, lapidibus obruetur: et non comedentur carnes ejus, dominus quoque bovis innocens erit.

29Quod si bos cornupeta fuerit ab heri et nudiustertius, et contestati sunt dominum ejus, nec recluserit eum, occideritque virum aut mulierem: et bos lapidibus obruetur, et dominum ejus occident.

30Quod si pretium fuerit ei impositum, dabit pro anima sua quidquid fuerit postulatus.

31Filium quoque et filiam si cornu percusserit, simili sententiæ subjacebit.

32Si servum ancillamque invaserit, triginta siclos argenti domino dabit, bos vero lapidibus opprimetur.

33Si quis aperuerit cisternam, et foderit, et non operuerit eam, cecideritque bos aut asinus in eam,

34reddet dominus cisternæ pretium jumentorum: quod autem mortuum est, ipsius erit.

35Si bos alienus bovem alterius vulneraverit, et ille mortuus fuerit: vendent bovem vivum, et divident pretium, cadaver autem mortui inter se dispertient.

36Sin autem sciebat quod bos cornupeta esset ab heri et nudiustertius, et non custodivit eum dominus suus: reddet bovem pro bove, et cadaver integrum accipiet.

1These are the judgments which thou shalt set before them.

2If thou buy a Hebrew servant, six years shall he serve thee: in the seventh he shall go out free for nothing.

3With what raiment he came in, with the like let him go out: if having a wife, his wife also shall go out with him.

4But if his master gave him a wife, and she hath borne sons and daughters: the woman and her children shall be her master’s: but he himself shall go out with his raiment.

5And if the servant shall say: I love my master and my wife and children, I will not go out free:

6His master shall bring him to the gods, and he shall be set to the door and the posts, and he shall bore his ear through with an awl: and he shall be his servant for ever.

7If any man sell his daughter to be a servant, she shall not go out as bondwomen are wont to go out.

8If she displease the eyes of her master to whom she was delivered, he shall let her go: but he shall have no power to sell her to a foreign nation, if he despise her.

9But if he have betrothed her to his son, he shall deal with her after the manner of daughters.

10And if he take another wife for him, he shall provide her a marriage, and raiment, neither shall he refuse the price of her chastity.

11If he do not these three things, she shall go out free without money.

12He that striketh a man with a will to kill him, shall be put to death.

13But he that did not lie in wait for him, but God delivered him into his hands: I will appoint thee a place to which he must flee.

14If a man kill his neighbour on set purpose and by lying in wait for him: thou shalt take him away from my altar, that he may die.

15He that striketh his father or mother, shall be put to death.

16He that shall steal a man, and sell him, being convicted of guilt, shall be put to death.

17He that curseth his father, or mother, shall die the death.

18If men quarrel, and the one strike his neighbour with a stone or with his fist, and he die not, but keepeth his bed:

19If he rise again and walk abroad upon his staff, he that struck him shall be quit, yet so that he make restitution for his work, and for his expenses upon the physicians.

20He that striketh his bondman or bondwoman with a rod, and they die under his hands, shall be guilty of the crime.

21But if the party remain alive a day or two, he shall not be subject to the punishment, because it is his money.

22If men quarrel, and one strike a woman with child, and she miscarry indeed, but live herself: he shall be answerable for so much damage as the woman’s husband shall require, and as arbiters shall award.

23But if her death ensue thereupon, he shall render life for life.

24Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

25Burning for burning, wound for wound, stripe for stripe.

26If any man strike the eye of his manservant or maidservant, and leave them but one eye, he shall let them go free for the eye which he put out.

27Also if he strike out a tooth of his manservant or maidservant, he shall in like manner make them free.

28If an ox gore a man or a woman, and they die, he shall be stoned: and his flesh shall not be eaten, but the owner of the ox shall be quit.

29But if the ox was wont to push with his horn yesterday and the day before, and they warned his master, and he did not shut him up, and he shall kill a man or a woman: then the ox shall be stoned, an his owner also shall be put to death.

30And if they set a price upon him, he shall give for his life whatsoever is laid upon him.

31If he have gored a son, or a daughter, he shall fall under the like sentence.

32If he assault a bondman or a bond woman, he shall give thirty sicles of silver to their master, and the ox shall be stoned.

33If a man open a pit, and dig one, and cover it not, and an ox or an ass fall into it,

34The owner of the pit shall pay the price of the beasts: and that which is dead shall be his own.

35If one man’s ox gore another man’s ox, and he die: they shall sell the live ox, and shall divide the price, and the carcass of that which died they shall part between them:

36But if he knew that his ox was wont to push yesterday and the day before, and his master did not keep him in: he shall pay ox for ox, and shall take the whole carcass.